Character
Human nature is a mystery
Read this famous poem by R. Kipling in the original and in translation.
IF…
Rudyard Kipling
(1865-1936)
If you can keep your head, when all about you
Are loosing theirs, and blaming it on you.
If you can trust yourself, when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too…
If you can wait, and not be tired by waiting
Or being lied about, don’t deal in lies
Or being hated, and don’t give way to hating,
And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise…
If you can dream, and not make dream your master
If you can think, and not make thoughts your aim
If you can meet with triumph and disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same…
If you can bear to hear the truth you’ve spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools
Or watch the things you gave your life to broken
And stoop, and build’em up with wornout tools.
If you can make heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss
And lose and start again at your beginnings
And never breath a word about your loss…
If you can force your heart and nerve, and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so, hold on, when there is nothing in you,
Except the will, which says for them; “Hold on!”
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue
Or walk with kings-nor lose the common touch.
If neither foes, nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but not too much.
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds’ worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it,
And-which is more,-you’ll be a man, my son!
Åñëè...
Âëàäåé ñîáîé ñðåäè òîëïû ñìÿòåííîé
Òåáÿ êëÿíóùåé çà ñìÿòåíüå âñåõ,
Âåðü ñàì â ñåáÿ íàïåðåêîð Âñåëåííîé
È ìàëîâåðàì îòïóñòè èõ ãðåõ,
Ïóñòü ÷àñ íå ïðîáèë, èäè íå óñòàâàÿ,
Ïóñòü ëãóò ëæåöû, íå ñíèñõîäè äî íèõ.
Óìåé ïðîùàòü, íî íå êàæèñü ïðîùàÿ,
Âåëèêîäóøíåé è ìóäðåé äðóãèõ.
Óìåé ìå÷òàòü, íå ñòàâ ðàáîì ìå÷òàíèé,
È ìûñëèòü, ìûñëè íå îáîæåñòâèâ.
Ðàâíî ñíîñè õâàëó è ïîðóãàíüå,
Íå çàáûâàÿ, ÷òî èõ ãîëîñ ëæèâ...
Îñòàíüñÿ òèõ, êîãäà òâî¸ æå ñëîâî
Êàëå÷èò ïëóò, ÷òîá óëîâëÿòü ãëóïöîâ.
Êîãäà âñÿ æèçíü ðàçðóøåíà è ñíîâà
Òû äîëæåí âñ¸ âîññîçäàâàòü ñ îñíîâ .
Óìåé ïîñòàâèòü ðàäîñòíîé íàäåæäå
Íà êàðòó âñ¸, ÷òî íàêîïèë ñ òðóäîì.
È ïðîèãðàòü. È íèùèì ñòàòü êàê ïðåæäå,
È íèêîãäà íå ïîæàëåòü î òîì.
Óìåé ïðèíóäèòü ñåðäöå, íåðâû, òåëî
Òåáå ñëóæèòü, êîãäà â òâîåé ãðóäè
Óæå äàâíî âñ¸ ïóñòî, âñ¸ ñãîðåëî
È òîëüêî âîëÿ ãîâîðèò: «Èäè!»
Îñòàíüñÿ ïðîñò, áåñåäóÿ ñ öàðÿìè,
Îñòàíüñÿ ÷åñòåí, ãîâîðÿ ñ òîëïîé.
Áóäü ïðÿì è òâ¸ðä ñ âðàãàìè è äðóçüÿìè,
Ïóñòü âñ¸ â ñâîé ÷àñ ñ÷èòàåòñÿ ñ òîáîé.
Íàïîëíè ñìûñëîì êàæäîå ìãíîâåíüå,
×àñîâ è äíåé íåóëîâèìûé áåã.
Òîãäà âåñü ìèð òû ïðèìèøü âî âëàäåíüå!
Òîãäà, ìîé ñûí, òû áóäåøü ÷åëîâåê!
Questions
- What do you feel while reading this poem?
- Which of the two (English or Russian version) do you like more? Why?
- What is it, to be human?
- What qualities do you appreciate in people?
- What qualities do you consider negative?
- Name the best feature of your character and the worst.
- Learn the poem by heart.
CHARACTER IDIOMS
green with envy - used to say that someone is very upset or annoyed because he wishes he had someone’s possessions, ability, success.
e.g. Modern surveillance technology would make even James Bond green with envy.
to the bone – to the most basic or central part of your character of affecting your basic feelings.
He was a cheerful man, good- hearted to the bone. – Îí áûë âåñ¸ëûì ÷åëîâåêîì, äîáðîäóøíûì äî êîñòåé.
Read these set expressions and comment upon their meanings. Give Russian or Uzbek equivalents.
somebody is only human
to have a golden heart
to break sb’s heart
close to sb’s heart
not to have the heart to do smth.
to have a heart of stone
Positive Features Negative Features
clever silly
intelligent stupid
good-natured ill-natured
agreeable disagreeable
painstaking
ñòàðàòåëüíûé
òðóäîëþáèâûé
laborious hypocrite
hard working
honest
óïðÿìûé
ñâîåíðàâíûé
persistent – óïîðíûé stubbornobstinate
willful
soft harsh
gentle rude
generous greedy
polite impolite
modest boastful – õâàñòëèâûé
kind – hearted cruel
merciful merciless
goal-oriented frivolous (ëåãêîìûñëåííûé)
purposeful
braveñìåëûé
õðàáðûé
courageous
confident dubious
despondent
energetic passive
sharp minded - empty-headed
ñìûøë¸ííûé, îñòðîóìíûé
aggressive
compassionate-ñîñòðàäàþùèé indifferent-áåçðàçëè÷íûé
sensitive impassive
ðàçóìíûé
sensible insensiblereasonable
cheerful gloomy
calm boisterous (áóéíûé)
just unjust
inventive
frank-èñêðåííèé, îòêðîâåííûé deceptive
sincere deceitful
reliable-íàä¸æíûé naughty
obedient disobedient
selfish
GRAMMAR REVIEW
Collective nouns
Collective nouns are words that refer to a number of people, animals or other things in one group.
Groups of people include the following: a staff (people working together in the same place), a crowd (a lot of people), a mob (an unruly crowd), a procession (people walking or marching together), an audience (people in a theatre, cinema or public hall), a congregation (people in church) and a crew (people working on a ship). We also talk about a gang of criminals, a board of directors, a team of players and a choir of singers.
Some groups of animals are: a herd of cows, a flock of sheep, a pack of hounds, a swarm of insects, a flock of birds, a school of whales and a pride of lions.
There are also collective nouns for some objects: a pack of cards, a bunch (of a bouquet) of flowers, a bunch of grapes, a suite of rooms of furniture, a set of china (a tea-set, a coffee-set, etc.), a clutch of eggs.
Collective nouns can be treated as singular or plural: usually if the group is considered as one single unit, it is singular, but if the individuals within the group are thought of separately, the noun is treated as a plural. So, for example, we would say:
“The audience is now seated in the theatre”.
and
“The board thinks that salaries should be increased”.
But we would consider the nouns as plural in the following:
“The audience are taking their seats in the theatre”.
and
“The board are arguing about the best policy to adopt”.
Ex.1 Fill in the collective noun in the sentences below.
The police tried to control the -, as they surged forward for the star’s autograph.
- The ship’s – were all experienced sailors.
- The priest spoke to the – for nearly an hour.
- A – of robbers stole 20,000 from the bank.
- He reserved a – of rooms in the Plaza Hotel.
- The manager of the shop thanked his –for all their hard work.
- They bought some apples, some oranges and a – of grapes.
- The dog chased the – of sheep around the field.
- The town’s football –beat the opposing side by two goals.
- Every week the – of directors hold a short meeting.
Ex.2 Answer the questions:
What do we call the upper part of a man’s body? What are the parts of the mouth?
What do we call the end of the human arm? Name the fingers. What do we call the end of human leg? What is toe? In what way do women wear their hair? How do you wear your hair? What is complexion? What colour of eyes do you like most?
Ex. 3 Fill in prepositions:
1.When I entered I heard somebody speak ... a ringing voice. 2. Such a voice is typical ... young age. 3. Your aunt looks young ... her age. 4. When she smiled two pretty dimples appeared ... her cheeks. 5. The newcomer was a short stout man, carefully dressed, ... a round face. 6. Can you talk ... a whisper? 7. She is ... medium height and has a slender figure.
Ex.4 Suggested topics for conversation:
- Describe your friend’s appearance.
- Describe appearance of a person who might attract everybody’s attention.